Mental Health & Psychiatry Abbreviations

100 abbreviations · part of Medical Abbreviations

Abbreviations for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diagnoses, substance use disorders, symptoms recorded in risk assessments, screening scales, psychotherapies, medication side effects and treatment settings. Most diagnostic terms follow the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5-TR, while British and international records often use ICD terms such as EUPD and BPAD. Several letters carry more than one psychiatric meaning (ASD, SAD, PD, PDD, ACT), and many also mean something unrelated elsewhere in medicine, so entries explain how to tell them apart.

AbbreviationStands forDescription
5150California Welfare and Institutions Code section 5150 (involuntary psychiatric hold)California law allowing designated professionals and police to place a person who, because of a mental health disorder, is a danger to self or others or gravely…
ACEsAdverse childhood experiencesPotentially traumatic events before age 18, including abuse, neglect and household challenges such as domestic violence, substance use, mental illness, parental…
ACTAcceptance and commitment therapyForm of psychotherapy that encourages people to accept difficult thoughts and feelings rather than fight them, to notice thoughts without being ruled by them, and to…
ADDAttention deficit disorderFormer official name, used in DSM-III from 1980, for the condition now called ADHD.
ADHDAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderNeurodevelopmental disorder marked by persistent inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity or both, beginning before age 12 and causing impairment in at least two settings…
AHAuditory hallucinationsHearing sounds or voices that others do not hear, without an external source.
AIMSAbnormal Involuntary Movement ScaleTwelve-item clinician-rated exam that checks for involuntary movements of the face, lips, jaw, tongue, limbs and trunk, used to detect and monitor tardive dyskinesia in…
ANAnorexia nervosaEating disorder characterized by restriction of food intake leading to significantly low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight and a disturbed perception of body…
AOTAssisted outpatient treatmentCourt-ordered community treatment for people with serious mental illness who have a history of hospitalization or violence linked to not following treatment.
ARFIDAvoidant/restrictive food intake disorderEating disorder in which a person avoids or restricts food because of sensory sensitivities, fear of choking or vomiting, or low interest in eating, not because of…
ASDAutism spectrum disorderNeurodevelopmental condition defined by persistent differences in social communication and interaction plus restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or…
ASPDAntisocial personality disorderPersonality disorder defined by a pervasive pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others since age 15, including deceitfulness, impulsivity, aggression…
AUDAlcohol use disorderSubstance use disorder involving a problematic pattern of drinking, such as drinking more than intended, failed attempts to cut down, craving, continued use despite…
AUDITAlcohol Use Disorders Identification TestTen-question screening tool developed by the WHO that asks about drinking frequency, quantity, dependence symptoms and alcohol-related harm, giving a score from 0 to 40.
AWSAlcohol withdrawal syndromeSymptoms that develop when a person with physical alcohol dependence stops or sharply reduces drinking: tremor, sweating, anxiety, nausea and insomnia within 6–24…
BDBipolar disorderMood disorder featuring episodes of mania or hypomania, usually alternating with depression.
BDDBody dysmorphic disorderPreoccupation with one or more perceived flaws in physical appearance that are slight or not noticeable to others, accompanied by repetitive behaviors such as mirror…
BDIBeck Depression InventoryWidely used 21-item self-report questionnaire that measures the severity of depressive symptoms, such as sadness, loss of pleasure, guilt, sleep changes and fatigue…
BEDBinge eating disorderThe most common eating disorder in the US, defined by recurrent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food with a sense of loss of control, at least weekly for…
BHBehavioral healthUmbrella term covering mental health, substance use and related behavior-driven conditions, used by insurers, health systems and integrated primary care programs.
BNBulimia nervosaEating disorder involving recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, fasting or excessive…
BPADBipolar affective disorderName for bipolar disorder used in ICD-10 and common in British, Irish, Indian and Australian psychiatric records.
BPDBorderline personality disorderPersonality disorder marked by instability in relationships, self-image and emotions, intense fear of abandonment, impulsivity, chronic emptiness, intense anger, and…
C-PTSDComplex post-traumatic stress disorderDiagnosis in the WHO's ICD-11 for people who meet criteria for PTSD and also have lasting problems with emotion regulation, a persistently negative self-concept and…
C-SSRSColumbia Suicide Severity Rating ScaleStructured set of questions that assesses the presence and severity of suicidal ideation and behavior, available as a short screener and a full clinical version.
CAGECut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener (questionnaire)Four-question alcohol screening tool asking whether a person has felt they should Cut down, been Annoyed by criticism of their drinking, felt Guilty about drinking, or…
CBTCognitive behavioral therapyStructured, time-limited form of talk therapy that helps people identify and change unhelpful patterns of thinking and behavior.
CDConduct disorderChildhood or adolescent disorder involving a repetitive pattern of violating others' rights or major age-appropriate rules, including aggression toward people or…
CPTCognitive processing therapyTrauma-focused psychotherapy for PTSD, usually 12 sessions, that helps patients examine and challenge "stuck points", beliefs about the trauma, themselves and the world…
CUDCannabis use disorderProblematic pattern of cannabis use, such as craving, failed attempts to cut down, continued use despite problems and withdrawal symptoms like irritability, insomnia…
DBTDialectical behavior therapyComprehensive psychotherapy combining cognitive-behavioral techniques with mindfulness and acceptance, originally developed for chronically suicidal people with…
DIDDissociative identity disorderDisorder involving two or more distinct personality states or identities, with recurrent gaps in memory for everyday events, personal information or traumatic…
DMDDDisruptive mood dysregulation disorderChildhood disorder introduced in DSM-5 in 2013, defined by severe temper outbursts at least three times a week plus persistently irritable or angry mood between…
DSM-5Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth EditionThe American Psychiatric Association's classification of mental disorders, setting out diagnostic criteria used by clinicians, researchers, insurers and courts…
DTsDelirium tremensMost severe form of alcohol withdrawal, usually beginning 48–96 hours after the last drink, with confusion, agitation, hallucinations, tremor, fever, rapid heart rate…
ECTElectroconvulsive therapyTreatment in which a brief, controlled seizure is induced with electrical current under general anesthesia and muscle relaxation, usually two or three times a week for…
EDEating disorderUmbrella term for serious mental illnesses involving disturbed eating behaviors and related thoughts and emotions, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge…
EMDREye movement desensitization and reprocessingStructured psychotherapy for trauma in which a person recalls distressing memories while following side-to-side eye movements or other bilateral stimulation, such as…
EPSExtrapyramidal symptomsDrug-induced movement disorders caused mainly by dopamine-blocking medications such as antipsychotics and some antiemetics.
ERPExposure and response preventionBehavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder in which patients deliberately face feared thoughts, objects or situations in gradual steps while refraining from…
EUPDEmotionally unstable personality disorderICD-10 diagnosis, widely used in the UK, Ireland and other countries, covering the impulsive type and the borderline type of unstable mood, relationships and self-image.
GADGeneralized anxiety disorderExcessive, hard-to-control worry about many everyday matters, present more days than not for at least six months, with symptoms such as restlessness, fatigue, poor…
GAD-7Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scaleSeven-question screening and severity measure for anxiety, asking how often over the past two weeks a person has felt nervous, unable to stop worrying, restless or…
GAFGlobal Assessment of FunctioningNumeric scale from 1 to 100 rating a person's overall psychological, social and occupational functioning, with higher scores indicating better functioning.
GDGender dysphoriaDSM-5 diagnosis describing clinically significant distress or impairment associated with a marked incongruence between a person's experienced gender and the sex…
HAM-DHamilton Rating Scale for DepressionClinician-administered scale rating the severity of depression, most commonly in a 17-item version, used for decades as the standard outcome measure in antidepressant…
HIHomicidal ideationThoughts about killing another person, assessed alongside suicidal ideation in psychiatric evaluations.
IDIntellectual disabilityNeurodevelopmental disorder with deficits in intellectual functions such as reasoning, problem solving and learning, together with deficits in adaptive functioning…
IEDIntermittent explosive disorderRecurrent impulsive aggressive outbursts, verbal or physical, that are grossly out of proportion to any provocation and not premeditated, causing distress or legal and…
IOPIntensive outpatient programStructured mental health or substance use treatment that provides several hours of group and individual therapy a few days a week, often about 9–15 hours weekly, while…
IPTInterpersonal psychotherapyTime-limited psychotherapy, typically 12–16 weeks, that treats depression by focusing on current relationships and life events in one of four areas: grief, role…
IVCInvoluntary commitmentLegal process for admitting or holding a person for psychiatric evaluation or treatment against their will, generally when mental illness makes them dangerous to…
LAILong-acting injectableDepot formulation that releases a drug slowly for weeks to months after a single injection, most often antipsychotics such as paliperidone palmitate, aripiprazole…
MATMedication-assisted treatmentOlder and still widespread term for treating substance use disorders, especially opioid use disorder, with FDA-approved medications combined with counseling and…
MDDMajor depressive disorderMood disorder diagnosed when at least five of nine symptoms, including depressed mood or loss of interest, are present most of the day for at least two weeks and cause…
MDEMajor depressive episodePeriod of at least two weeks meeting full criteria for depression, the building block for diagnosing major depressive disorder and one of the episodes that make up…
MHMental healthState of emotional, psychological and social well-being, and the field and services addressing mental illness.
MIMotivational interviewingCollaborative counseling style that helps people resolve ambivalence about change by drawing out their own reasons and commitment, rather than lecturing or confronting.
MOUDMedications for opioid use disorderMethadone, buprenorphine and extended-release naltrexone, the FDA-approved drugs that reduce opioid craving, withdrawal, overdose and death.
MPDMultiple personality disorderFormer name, used in DSM-III from 1980, for the condition now called dissociative identity disorder.
MSEMental status examinationStructured description of a patient's current psychological state, the psychiatric counterpart of the physical exam.
NCDNeurocognitive disorderDSM-5 category for acquired decline in cognitive functions such as memory, attention, language or executive function.
NMSNeuroleptic malignant syndromeRare, potentially fatal reaction to antipsychotics and other dopamine-blocking drugs, featuring high fever, "lead-pipe" muscle rigidity, altered mental status and…
NPDNarcissistic personality disorderPersonality disorder characterized by grandiosity, a need for admiration and a lack of empathy, often with fragile self-esteem beneath the surface.
NSSINonsuicidal self-injuryDeliberate damage to one's own body tissue without suicidal intent, such as cutting, burning or hitting, often used to relieve intense emotional distress.
OCDObsessive-compulsive disorderDisorder of recurrent, unwanted intrusive thoughts, images or urges (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce distress (compulsions)…
OCPDObsessive-compulsive personality disorderPersonality disorder characterized by a pervasive preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, rules and control at the expense of flexibility and efficiency.
ODDOppositional defiant disorderChildhood disorder characterized by at least six months of angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behavior toward authority figures, and vindictiveness…
OSFEDOther specified feeding or eating disorderDSM-5 diagnosis for clinically significant eating disorders that do not meet full criteria for anorexia, bulimia or binge eating disorder.
OTPOpioid treatment programFederally certified clinic, regulated by SAMHSA under 42 CFR Part 8, that provides methadone and other medications for opioid use disorder with counseling and monitoring.
OUDOpioid use disorderSubstance use disorder involving compulsive opioid use despite harm, including prescription opioids, heroin and illicitly manufactured fentanyl.
PANSSPositive and Negative Syndrome ScaleThirty-item clinician-rated scale assessing positive symptoms (such as delusions and hallucinations), negative symptoms (such as blunted affect and social withdrawal)…
PCITParent-child interaction therapyBehavioral therapy for young children, typically aged 2–7, with disruptive behavior, in which a therapist coaches the parent in real time through an earpiece while…
PCL-5PTSD Checklist for DSM-5Twenty-item self-report measure of PTSD symptoms over the past month, each rated 0–4 for a total of 0–80, developed by the US National Center for PTSD.
PDPanic disorderRecurrent unexpected panic attacks, sudden surges of intense fear with palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness or fear of dying, followed by at least a…
PDDPersistent depressive disorderChronic depression lasting at least two years in adults (one year in children and adolescents), with depressed mood on most days plus symptoms such as poor appetite…
PEProlonged exposure therapyTrauma-focused psychotherapy for PTSD that helps patients gradually approach trauma memories and avoided situations through repeated imaginal retelling and real-life…
PHPPartial hospitalization programDay treatment program providing hospital-level mental health or substance use services, typically 5–6 hours a day, five days a week, with patients returning home each…
PHQ-2Patient Health Questionnaire-2Two-question depression screen asking how often in the past two weeks a person has had little interest or pleasure in doing things and felt down, depressed or hopeless.
PHQ-9Patient Health Questionnaire-9Nine-item self-report questionnaire that screens for depression and measures severity over the past two weeks, scoring 0–27.
PMDDPremenstrual dysphoric disorderSevere form of premenstrual syndrome classified as a depressive disorder, with marked irritability, mood swings, depressed mood or anxiety in the week before…
PNDPostnatal depressionBritish and Commonwealth term for postpartum depression, used by the NHS, health visitors and NICE guidance.
PPDPostpartum depressionDepression occurring during pregnancy or after childbirth, more severe and longer lasting than the common "baby blues".
PTSDPost-traumatic stress disorderMental health condition that can follow exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence, with intrusive memories or nightmares, avoidance of…
RADReactive attachment disorderRare disorder of young children who experienced severe neglect or frequent changes of caregiver, in which the child rarely seeks or responds to comfort and shows…
SASuicide attemptSelf-injurious act with at least some intent to die, whether or not injury results.
SADSeasonal affective disorderPattern of depression that recurs at the same time each year, usually beginning in fall or winter and lifting in spring, with low energy, oversleeping, carbohydrate…
SBIRTScreening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to TreatmentPublic health approach for identifying and addressing risky alcohol and drug use in primary care, emergency departments and trauma centers.
SCZSchizophreniaChronic psychotic disorder with hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, negative symptoms such as reduced motivation and emotional expression, and cognitive…
SISuicidal ideationThoughts about, considering or planning suicide, ranging from passive wishes to be dead to active thoughts with a specific plan and intent.
SIBSelf-injurious behaviorRepetitive self-directed harmful behaviors such as head banging, hand biting, scratching or hitting, used mainly in the context of autism, intellectual disability and…
SLDSpecific learning disorderNeurodevelopmental disorder involving persistent difficulty learning academic skills such as reading, writing or mathematics, well below what is expected for age…
SMISerious mental illnessMental, behavioral or emotional disorder in an adult that causes serious functional impairment substantially limiting one or more major life activities, a definition…
SUDSubstance use disorderProblematic pattern of using alcohol, drugs or other substances leading to significant impairment or distress, diagnosed with 11 DSM-5 criteria covering impaired…
TDTardive dyskinesiaInvoluntary, repetitive movements, often of the mouth, tongue and face (lip smacking, tongue protrusion, grimacing), that develop after months or years of exposure to…
TF-CBTTrauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapyEvidence-based therapy for children and adolescents with trauma-related symptoms that involves both the young person and a caregiver.
TMSTranscranial magnetic stimulationNoninvasive brain stimulation using a magnetic coil placed against the scalp to induce electrical currents in targeted brain regions, typically the left prefrontal…
TRDTreatment-resistant depressionMajor depression that has not responded adequately to at least two antidepressant trials of adequate dose and duration.
VHVisual hallucinationsSeeing things that are not present, from simple flashes to complex people or animals.
Y-BOCSYale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive ScaleClinician-rated scale that measures the severity of obsessions and compulsions, scoring time occupied, interference, distress, resistance and control for each, for a…

More medical abbreviations