ICANS

Medical abbreviation · Hematology and Oncology

ICANS
Stands forImmune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome
CategoriesMedical

ICANS stands for Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, a hematology and oncology abbreviation.

Neurological complication of CAR-T cells and some bispecific antibodies, causing confusion, word-finding difficulty, tremor, impaired handwriting, seizures and, rarely, fatal brain swelling. It typically appears within the first one to two weeks and often follows cytokine release syndrome.

Example: ICE score fell from 10 to 6 with expressive aphasia on day 5: grade 2 ICANS, dexamethasone started.

Usage notes

Patients are screened several times a day with the 10-point Immune Effector Cell Encephalopathy (ICE) score, which includes naming objects, writing a sentence and counting backward. Corticosteroids are the main treatment, unlike CRS, for which tocilizumab is first-line. Patients are advised not to drive for about two months after CAR-T infusion. Pronounced "EYE-cans."

More hematology and oncology abbreviations

  • HLH – Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
  • HNSCC – Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
  • HR+ – Hormone receptor-positive
  • HS – Hereditary spherocytosis
  • HSCT – Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
  • Hyper-CVAD – Hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin…
  • ICI – Immune checkpoint inhibitor
  • IDA – Iron deficiency anemia
  • IDC – Invasive ductal carcinoma
  • IMRT – Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
  • irAE – Immune-related adverse event
  • ITP – Immune thrombocytopenia

See all 144 hematology and oncology abbreviations →

This entry is for general education and is not medical advice. Abbreviation use varies between institutions; always confirm in context.